java编程实现基于UDP协议传输数据的方法

前端技术 2023/08/09 Java

本文实例讲述了java编程实现基于UDP协议传输数据的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

UDP协议(User Datagram Protocol,用户数据报协议)不同于TCP协议,它是不可能靠的,但是它比TCP协议具有更快的传输速度,UDP发送的数据单元称为数据报,当网络传输UDP传输UDP数据报是无法保证数据能够到达目的地,也无法保证按发送的顺序到达目的地,也就是说先发送了“hello”,再发送了“world”,但接收方可能会先收到“world”,再收到“hello”,也有可能收不到数据,为什么呢?因为它是不可能靠的,在传输途中可能丢失了。但UDP比TCP跟适合与传输实时音频。下面是一个简单的UPD传输数据报的例子

服务器端:

import java.io.IOException; 
import java.net.DatagramPacket; 
import java.net.DatagramSocket; 
import java.net.SocketException; 
public class EchoServer { 
 private DatagramSocket datagramSocket; 
 private final int port = 8088; 
 public static void main(String[] args) throws SocketException { 
  new EchoServer().service(); 
 } 
 public EchoServer() throws SocketException{ 
  datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(port); 
  System.out.println(\"服务器启动\"); 
 } 
 public String echo(String msg){ 
  return \"echo:\"+msg; 
 } 
 public void service(){ 
  while (true) { 
   try { 
    DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(new byte[512], 512); 
    datagramSocket.receive(packet); 
    String msg = new String(packet.getData(), 0, packet.getLength()); 
    System.out.println(packet.getAddress()+\"/\"+packet.getPort()+\" msg:\"+msg); 
    packet.setData(echo(msg).getBytes()); 
    datagramSocket.send(packet); 
   } catch (IOException e) { 
    e.printStackTrace(); 
   } 
  } 
 } 
}

客户端:

import java.io.BufferedReader; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.InputStreamReader; 
import java.net.DatagramPacket; 
import java.net.DatagramSocket; 
import java.net.InetAddress; 
import java.net.SocketException; 
public class EchoClient { 
 private String remoteHost=\"localhost\"; 
 private int remotePort=8088; 
 private DatagramSocket datagramSocket; 
 public EchoClient() throws SocketException{ 
  datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(); 
 } 
 public static void main(String[] args) throws SocketException { 
  new EchoClient().talk(); 
 } 
 public void talk(){ 
  try { 
   BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); 
   String msg = null; 
   InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(remoteHost); 
   while ((msg=reader.readLine())!=null) { 
    //发送数据报 
    byte [] buffer = msg.getBytes(); 
    DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length, address, remotePort); 
    datagramSocket.send(packet); 
    //接收数据报 
    DatagramPacket inputPacket = new DatagramPacket(new byte[512], 512); 
    datagramSocket.receive(inputPacket); 
    System.out.println(new String(inputPacket.getData(), 0 , inputPacket.getLength())); 
    if(\"bye\".equals(msg)){ 
     break; 
    } 
   } 
  } catch (IOException e) { 
   e.printStackTrace(); 
  }finally{ 
   datagramSocket.close(); 
  } 
}

希望本文所述对大家Java程序设计有所帮助。

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