常用的Web元素有:request、session、application等,而我们一般使用session较多,Struts2如何访问web元素呢?这个是非常重要的内容,因为它能完成程序后台和用户的数据交互,下面以注册为例演示其过程:
1、index.jsp文件
<%@ page language=\"java\" contentType=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\" pageEncoding=\"UTF-8\"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+\"://\"+request.getServerName()+\":\"+request.getServerPort()+path+\"/\"; %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\"> <base href=\"<%=basePath %>\"/> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h1>演示</h1> <form action=\"user/user02!register\" method=\"post\"> 姓名:<input type=\"text\" name=\"user.name\"></input> <br/> 密码:<input type=\"text\" name=\"user.password\"></input> <br/> <input type=\"submit\" value=\"注册\"/> </form> </body> </html>
功能很简单--即用户输入用户名和密码,然后后台可以获得,然后注册成功后显示给用户
2、struts.xml 配置
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC \"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN\" \"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd\"> <struts> <constant name=\"struts.devMode\" value=\"true\" /> <package name=\"front\" namespace=\"/user\" extends=\"struts-default\"> <action name=\"user*\" class=\"com.myservice.web.UserAction{1}\"> <result>/success.jsp</result> <result name=\"error\">/error.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
可以有两种方式完成这个功能
3、第一种(UserAction01)
package com.myservice.web; import java.util.Map; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class UserAction01 extends ActionSupport { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private User user; private Map request; private Map session; private Map application; public UserAction01(){ request = (Map)ActionContext.getContext().get(\"request\"); session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession(); application = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication(); } public String register(){ request.put(\"name\", user.getName()); request.put(\"password\", user.getPassword()); return SUCCESS; } public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } }
这个方式是用ActionContext.getContext()方法获得context,然后得到request和session以及application
4、另外一种方式(UserAction02)非常常见,也是非常著名的方式-----Ioc(控制反转)和DI(依赖注入),它需要实现3个接口如下:
package com.myservice.web; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ApplicationAware; import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware; import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class UserAction02 extends ActionSupport implements RequestAware, SessionAware,ApplicationAware{ private Map<String, Object> request; private Map<String, Object> session; private Map<String, Object> application; private User user; public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } public String register(){ request.put(\"name\", user.getName()); request.put(\"password\", user.getPassword()); return SUCCESS; } @Override public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub this.application = application; } @Override public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub this.session = session; } @Override public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub this.request = request; } }
这样就实现了一个功能--将user的名称和密码都放入request中,在使用时我们只需取出即可
5、success.jsp将request中内容取出并显示
<%@ page language=\"java\" contentType=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\" pageEncoding=\"UTF-8\"%> <%@taglib uri=\"/struts-tags\" prefix=\"s\" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h3>成功注册</h3> <s:property value=\"#request.name\"/>注册成功,密码为:<s:property value=\"#request.password\"/> </body> </html>
其结果显示为:
以上就是Struts2中访问Web元素的全部内容,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持phpstudy。
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