CSS3+js实现简单的时钟特效

前端技术 2023/09/09 CSS

学习css3ing,正在学习transfomr,突发奇想用此做个小时钟,开始吧:

准备前期工作,把时钟的表盘,时分秒针,实时时间标签 的大概样子做好,效果如图:


html代码如下:


复制代码
代码如下:

<div class=\"main\">
<div id=\"timeLabel\"></div>
<div id=\"hour\"></div>
<div id=\"minute\"></div>
<div id=\"second\"></div>
</div>

css 代码如下:


复制代码
代码如下:

<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.main {
position: relative;
margin: 100px auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
border-radius: 300px;
border: 1px solid #000;
box-shadow:2px 5px;
}
#timeLabel {
position: absolute;
background-color:pink;
width:100px;
height:30px;
left:100px;
top:180px;
}
#hour {
width: 100px;
height: 10px;
background-color: red;
position:absolute;
left:150px;
top:145px;
}
#minute {
width:120px;
height:8px;
background-color:blue;
position:absolute;
left:150px;
top:146px;
}
#second {
width: 140px;
height: 4px;
background-color: green;
position: absolute;
left: 150px;
top: 148px;
}
</style>

  2. 初始化默认时间,和表盘刻度 ,效果如下:

更改后的css代码:


复制代码
代码如下:

<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.main {
position: relative;
margin: 100px auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
border-radius: 300px;
border: 1px solid #000;
box-shadow: 2px 5px #808080;
}
#timeLabel {
position: absolute;
background-color: pink;
width: 80px;
height: 25px;
left: 110px;
top: 180px;
color: #fff;
line-height: 25px;
text-align: center;
}
#hour {
width: 100px;
height: 10px;
background-color: red;
position: absolute;
left: 150px;
top: 145px;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
#minute {
width: 120px;
height: 8px;
background-color: blue;
position: absolute;
left: 150px;
top: 146px;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
#second {
width: 140px;
height: 4px;
background-color: green;
position: absolute;
left: 150px;
top: 148px;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
.hourPointer, .minuterPointer, .secondPointer {
position: absolute;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
.hourPointer {
height: 10px;
width: 12px;
left: 150px;
top: 145px;
background-color: #f00;
z-index:3;
}
.minuterPointer {
height: 8px;
width: 10px;
left: 150px;
top: 146px;
background-color: #b6ff00;
z-index: 2;
}
.secondPointer {
height: 6px;
width: 8px;
left: 150px;
top: 147px;
background-color: #fa8;
z-index: 1;
}
</style>

初始化 js代码:


复制代码
代码如下:

window.onload = function () {
initClock();
}
var timer = null;
function $(id) {
return document.getElementById(id)
}
function CreateKeDu(pElement, className, deg, translateWidth) {
var Pointer = document.createElement(\"div\");
Pointer.className = className
Pointer.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + deg + \"deg) translate(\" + translateWidth + \"px)\";
pElement.appendChild(Pointer);
}
function initClock() {
var main = $(\"biaopan\");
var timeLabel = $(\"timeLabel\");
var hour = $(\"hour\");
var minute = $(\"minute\");
var second = $(\"second\");
var now = new Date();
var nowHour = now.getHours();
var nowMinute = now.getMinutes();
var nowSecond = now.getSeconds();
//初始化timeLabel
timeLabel.innerHTML = nowHour + \":\" + nowMinute + \":\" + nowSecond;
//初始化表盘
for (var index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
CreateKeDu(main, \"hourPointer\", index * 90, 138);
}
for (var index = 0; index < 12; index++) {
CreateKeDu(main, \"minuterPointer\",index*30, 140);
}
for (var index = 0; index < 60; index++) {
CreateKeDu(main, \"secondPointer\", index * 6, 142);
}
//初始化时分秒针
second.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (nowSecond * 6 - 90) + \"deg)\";
minute.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (nowMinute * 6 + 1 / 10 * nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
hour.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (nowHour * 30 + 1 / 2 * nowMinute + 1 / 120 * nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
}

3.添加定时器:

js代码如下:


复制代码
代码如下:

//定时器
function startMove() {
clearInterval(timer);
timer = setInterval(function () {
var now = new Date();
var nowSecond = now.getSeconds();
var nowMinute = now.getMinutes();
var nowHour = now.getHours();
second.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (nowSecond * 6 - 90) + \"deg)\";
minute.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (nowMinute * 6 + 1 / 10 * nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
hour.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (nowHour * 30 + 1 / 2 * nowMinute + 1 / 120 * nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
timeLabel.innerHTML = nowHour + \":\" + nowMinute + \":\" + nowSecond;
}, 1000);
}

  4.使用OOP方式更改:

修改后的js代码如下:


复制代码
代码如下:

function Clock() {
//定义属性
this.main = this.$(\"biaopan\");
this.timeLabel = this.$(\"timeLabel\");
this.hour = this.$(\"hour\");
this.minute = this.$(\"minute\");
this.second = this.$(\"second\");
this.nowHour = null;
this.nowMinute = null;
this.nowSecond = null;
this.timer = null;
var _this = this;
//初始化函数
var init = function () {
_this.getNowTime();
_this.initClock();
_this.InterVal();
}
init();
}
Clock.prototype.$ = function (id) {
return document.getElementById(id)
}
Clock.prototype.CreateKeDu = function (className, deg, translateWidth) {
var Pointer = document.createElement(\"div\");
Pointer.className = className
Pointer.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + deg + \"deg) translate(\" + translateWidth + \"px)\";
this.main.appendChild(Pointer);
}
Clock.prototype.getNowTime = function () {
var now = new Date();
this.nowHour = now.getHours();
this.nowMinute = now.getMinutes();
this.nowSecond = now.getSeconds();
}
Clock.prototype.setPosition = function () {
this.second.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (this.nowSecond * 6 - 90) + \"deg)\";
this.minute.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (this.nowMinute * 6 + 1 / 10 * this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
this.hour.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (this.nowHour * 30 + 1 / 2 * this.nowMinute + 1 / 120 * this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
}
Clock.prototype.initClock = function () {
//初始化timeLabel
this.timeLabel.innerHTML = this.nowHour + \":\" + this.nowMinute + \":\" + this.nowSecond;
//初始化表盘
for (var index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
this.CreateKeDu(\"hourPointer\", index * 90, 138);
}
for (var index = 0; index < 12; index++) {
this.CreateKeDu(\"minuterPointer\", index * 30, 140);
}
for (var index = 0; index < 60; index++) {
this.CreateKeDu(\"secondPointer\", index * 6, 142);
}
this.setPosition();
}
Clock.prototype.InterVal = function () {
clearInterval(this.timer);
var _this = this;
this.timer = setInterval(function () {
_this.getNowTime();
_this.second.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (_this.nowSecond * 6 - 90) + \"deg)\";
_this.minute.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (_this.nowMinute * 6 + 1 / 10 * _this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
_this.hour.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (_this.nowHour * 30 + 1 / 2 * _this.nowMinute + 1 / 120 * _this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
_this.timeLabel.innerHTML = _this.nowHour + \":\" + _this.nowMinute + \":\" + _this.nowSecond;
}, 1000);
}

最后调用如下:


复制代码
代码如下:

window.onload = function () {
new Clock();
}

最终页面代码:


复制代码
代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns=\"<a href=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\">http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</a>\">
<head>
<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />
<title></title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.main {
position: relative;
margin: 100px auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
border-radius: 300px;
border: 1px solid #000;
box-shadow: 2px 5px #808080;
}
#timeLabel {
position: absolute;
background-color: pink;
width: 80px;
height: 25px;
left: 110px;
top: 180px;
color: #fff;
line-height: 25px;
text-align: center;
}
#hour {
width: 100px;
height: 10px;
background-color: red;
position: absolute;
left: 150px;
top: 145px;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
#minute {
width: 120px;
height: 8px;
background-color: blue;
position: absolute;
left: 150px;
top: 146px;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
#second {
width: 140px;
height: 4px;
background-color: green;
position: absolute;
left: 150px;
top: 148px;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
.hourPointer, .minuterPointer, .secondPointer {
position: absolute;
transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
.hourPointer {
height: 10px;
width: 12px;
left: 150px;
top: 145px;
background-color: #f00;
z-index: 3;
}
.minuterPointer {
height: 8px;
width: 10px;
left: 150px;
top: 146px;
background-color: #b6ff00;
z-index: 2;
}
.secondPointer {
height: 6px;
width: 8px;
left: 150px;
top: 147px;
background-color: #fa8;
z-index: 1;
}
</style>
<script>
function Clock() {
//定义属性
this.main = this.$(\"biaopan\");
this.timeLabel = this.$(\"timeLabel\");
this.hour = this.$(\"hour\");
this.minute = this.$(\"minute\");
this.second = this.$(\"second\");
this.nowHour = null;
this.nowMinute = null;
this.nowSecond = null;
this.timer = null;
var _this = this;
//初始化函数
var init = function () {
_this.getNowTime();
_this.initClock();
_this.InterVal();
}
init();
}
Clock.prototype.$ = function (id) {
return document.getElementById(id)
}
Clock.prototype.CreateKeDu = function (className, deg, translateWidth) {
var Pointer = document.createElement(\"div\");
Pointer.className = className
Pointer.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + deg + \"deg) translate(\" + translateWidth + \"px)\";
this.main.appendChild(Pointer);
}
Clock.prototype.getNowTime = function () {
var now = new Date();
this.nowHour = now.getHours();
this.nowMinute = now.getMinutes();
this.nowSecond = now.getSeconds();
}
Clock.prototype.setPosition = function () {
this.second.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (this.nowSecond * 6 - 90) + \"deg)\";
this.minute.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (this.nowMinute * 6 + 1 / 10 * this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
this.hour.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (this.nowHour * 30 + 1 / 2 * this.nowMinute + 1 / 120 * this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
}
Clock.prototype.initClock = function () {
//初始化timeLabel
this.timeLabel.innerHTML = this.nowHour + \":\" + this.nowMinute + \":\" + this.nowSecond;
//初始化表盘
for (var index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
this.CreateKeDu(\"hourPointer\", index * 90, 138);
}
for (var index = 0; index < 12; index++) {
this.CreateKeDu(\"minuterPointer\", index * 30, 140);
}
for (var index = 0; index < 60; index++) {
this.CreateKeDu(\"secondPointer\", index * 6, 142);
}
this.setPosition();
}
Clock.prototype.InterVal = function () {
clearInterval(this.timer);
var _this = this;
this.timer = setInterval(function () {
_this.getNowTime();
_this.second.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (_this.nowSecond * 6 - 90) + \"deg)\";
_this.minute.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (_this.nowMinute * 6 + 1 / 10 * _this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
_this.hour.style.transform = \"rotate(\" + (_this.nowHour * 30 + 1 / 2 * _this.nowMinute + 1 / 120 * _this.nowSecond - 90) + \"deg)\";
_this.timeLabel.innerHTML = _this.nowHour + \":\" + _this.nowMinute + \":\" + _this.nowSecond;
}, 1000);
}
window.onload = function () {
new Clock();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div class=\"main\" id=\"biaopan\">
<div id=\"timeLabel\"></div>
<div id=\"hour\"></div>
<div id=\"minute\"></div>
<div id=\"second\"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 总结:本例中使用了css3 的transform属性中的 rotate的旋转效果和translate的位移效果。

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